The Bull

Understanding the text

a. Why have Gore and Jitman come to see Laxminarayan?
Ans: Gore and Jitman have come to see Laxminarayan because they want to inform Laxminarayan of the death of the bull (Male) of King Ranabahadur Shah.

b. What, according to cowherds, is the reason behind the death of Male?
Ans: According to cowherds, the reason behind the death of Male is that Male is hungry and can’t digest fine rice and split grams.

c. Why does Ranabahadur want to see the bull himself?
Ans: Ranabahadur wants to see the bull himself because he wants to check the condition of the bull and doesn’t want to transfer the bull to the hill if it can be treated at Thulo Gauchar, Kathmandu.

d. Why does Laxminarayan run ahead of the convoy at Thulo Gauchar?
Ans: Laxminarayan runs ahead of the convoy at Thulo Gauchar because he wants to deliver instructions to massage the bull’s rear feet and wave fans at it in order to impress King Ranabahadur Shah otherwise he would punish them. He wants to show King how much he takes care of the bull.

e. Why do Gore and Jitman cry when the king declares that Male is dead?
Ans: Gore and Jitman cry when the king declares that Male is dead because they want to show their affection and caring nature towards Bull to King. Immediately, they both begin pleading with the king for his forgiveness. They hope to be excused from the punishment of the King otherwise the King will punish them.

f. How do we learn that the bull is dead?
Ans: We learn that the bull is dead by the conversation between the cowherds and the king based on their words. The bull doesn’t eat, unable to digest fine rice and split grams, ears have fallen background and his tail has loosened.

g. How does the play make a satire on the feudal system?
Ans: The play makes a satire on the feudal system by portraying the overpowering dominance of powerful figures i.e. King Ranabahadur Shah. In the feudal’s system, people’s dominance and oppression are seen. In this play, the cowherds make excuses for the punishment of the death of the King’s bull. They are in panic due to the death of the bull. These people live in terror because the lord’s animal is treated better than them. They hide the reality of the bull’s death to save their lives.

h. Write down the plot of the play in a paragraph.
Ans: In the play “The Bull,” crafted by the esteemed Nepali poet and dramatist Bhimnidhi Tiwari, we are immersed in the captivating tale of King Ranabahadur Shah’s affection for his bulls. When Male, one of his beloved bulls, tragically passes away, the cowherds, fearing the King’s wrath, pretend to mourn the loss. Moved by their apparent grief, the King forgives them, filling their hearts with relief and joy. This enthralling drama explores themes of loyalty, compassion, and the unbreakable bond between humans and animals. Bhimnidhi Tiwari’s poignant storytelling leaves us pondering the depths of human emotions and the power of empathy.

Reference to the context

a. Discuss the late eighteenth-century Nepali society as portrayed in terms of the relation between the king and his subjects as portrayed in the play.
Ans: During the captivating eighteenth century, Nepal embraced a prevailing monarchy system that exuded an air of timeless elegance and cultural significance. There was the rule of the Shah dynasty which was very strict and powerful in that period. Powerful people used to dominate the poor and low-class people in the name of caste and culture. People at that time must do anything according to the rulers or Kings. They dominate the people of their kingdom and don’t let them feel free.

In this play, the same scene is seen as the ruler is King and he used to dominate the people. There was the fear of the King and they treat their people horrifically. If any mistakes are done unknowingly also, they are given punishment. In this play, the bull of the King was dead, and the cowherds who were taking care of that bull were afraid of the punishment of the King.

In the eighteenth century, people lived without the privileges, services, and basic rights we enjoy today. Their lives were dictated by the rulers or King, and dissenters faced the consequences. The King wielded complete control over the lives of his subjects in the kingdom.

b. What does the relation between Laxminarayan and his wives tell us about the society of that time? To what extent has the Nepali society changed since then?
Ans: The relationship between Laxminarayan and his wives tell us that women were in the control of their husband and they were the victim of violence and dominance. They weren’t free to live their life. In this play, Laxminarayan is a bull’s doctor and has been married to seven women. He calls them by their nicknames. This shows that they live with the brutality and aggression of their husband. They should be quiet in every situation. Women were illiterate and unaware of their rights. The society was firmly entrenched in male dominance.

There are a lot of changes in Nepali society since then as women are able to live their lives freely. They can raise their voice against any circumstances. There is the concept of equality and equity among men and women in today’s society. Fundamental rights are also been provided for women too. The literacy rate of women is being increased and many organizations are established for the welfare of the rights of women and their better future.

c. Shed light on the practice of chakari as portrayed in the play. Have you noticed this practice in your society?
Ans: The play beautifully captures the practice of chakari, where Laxminarayan, the bull’s doctor, and the cowherds devotedly serve King Ranabahadur Shah, though fear lingers in their hearts. They knew all too well the consequences of arousing the King’s anger, as Laxminarayan had faced punishment before for speaking loudly in his presence.

When Male, the beloved bull of the King, passed away, their anxiety heightened, dreading the wrath of their monarch. Yet, Laxminarayan’s astute wit saved the day, and the King, instead of punishing them, set them free. The cowherds affectionately referred to the bull as “The Bull Sir,” much to the King’s delight, fostering an atmosphere of happiness and relief. They act like they take good care of the bull by massaging and rubbing the bull’s feet. After announcing the death of the bull by the King, they cried wildly. The play’s portrayal of loyalty, cleverness, and understanding evokes a sense of intrigue and warmth, leaving a lasting impression on the audience.

Yes, I have noticed this is still being practiced in our society. Every people does chakari in different ways. Some of them do in the political system of our country and some of them do with each other. Nowadays, many people are doing chakari for money and status. In ancient times, people used to do chakari of powerful people to make them happy. If it is not done so, they will be punished and they faced the consequences of their actions. If they made the rulers or powerful people happy, then they might also be awarded.

d. How does Laxminarayan outsmart Ranabahadur?
Ans: In the play “The Bull”, Laxminarayan plays the main character and he is shown as a clever and intelligent man and the doctor of bull. King Ranabahadur Shah is shown as a person who is fond of bulls. After hearing the death of the bull of the King by the cowherds, Gore and Jitman he rushes to the palace. He thinks that he should tell the King that the bull is ill but didn’t tell the reality. With unwavering dedication, he masterfully engaged in chakari to bring joy to the king’s heart and skillfully managed every situation with finesse. Laxminarayan informs the cowherds, Gore and Jitman to massage the feet of the bull and fan the bull to please the King. They call the Bull “The Bull Sir” and make the King happy. They also cried wildly after hearing about the death of the bull. Because of these techniques, they are alive and free from punishment. Through these strategies, Laxminaryan outsmarts Ranabahadur.

e. Sketch the character of Laxminarayan.
Ans: In the enthralling play “The Bull,” the central character, Laxminarayan, stands out as the bull’s doctor and a legal official, with a brilliance that captivates the audience. Despite being married to seven women, he carries a lingering sense of discontentment, yearning for a new love. When news of the King’s bull’s demise reaches him, he rushes to the palace, extending a helping hand to the cowherds.

With his ingenious methods and shrewd strategies, he skillfully liberates them from the clutches of the King’s wrath. Laxminarayan’s profound expertise in the King’s chakari shines through, as he deftly navigates the complex intricacies of royal affairs. His keen intellect and wit transform the King’s anger into a gentle sweetness, leaving a lasting impression on all who witness his remarkable abilities.

Reference beyond the text

a. Write an essay in about 300 words on “The Nepali Society: Past, Present and Future”.
Ans: Nepali society stands as a testament to a rich and diverse history, shaping its past and shaping its future. Through the rise and fall of dynasties and the infusion of diverse cultures, Nepal has carved out a unique identity that persists to this day. The rigid customs of the past have given way to a more progressive society, as Nepal transitioned into a federal democratic republic, embracing fundamental rights and equality.

However, the journey toward a brighter future requires a delicate balance. Preserving cultural heritage while embracing modernity will be the key to progress. Strengthening democratic institutions and empowering marginalized communities will foster an inclusive and equitable society, unlocking the potential of every citizen.

In forging ahead, Nepal must confront environmental challenges, safeguarding its natural resources for generations to come. By empowering women and marginalized groups, the nation can further solidify its path toward equity and prosperity.

The future holds both opportunities and obstacles, with sustainable development and economic growth within reach. Embracing heritage, democratic values, and determination will pave the way for a prosperous and harmonious future.

As Nepal continues its journey, guided by its rich history and united vision, it has the chance to create a thriving nation that embraces diversity and celebrates progress. Through resilience and determination, Nepal’s society can stand as a shining example, embracing its past while shaping a brighter tomorrow for generations to come.

b. In his “Satire 9”, Nicolas Boileau-Despréaux says:
But satire, ever moral, ever new
Delights the reader and instructs him, too.
She, if good sense, refine her sterling page,
Oft shakes some rooted folly of the age.
Do you agree with the poet? Discuss the lines with reference to Bhimnidhi Tiwari’s play “The Bull”
Ans: Nicolas’s message in the verse suggests that a skillfully crafted satire can entertain and educate its audience. I fully agree with this notion, as positive satire can help improve society by exposing its flaws.

In “The Bull,” Bhimnidhi Tiwari offers a sharp critique of the feudal system, where human dignity is overshadowed by the reverence shown to animals like bulls. Through humor, Tiwari presents valuable insights into the society of that time, showcasing both its strengths and weaknesses. This play serves as a powerful medium to shed light on various aspects of the era.

Overall, satire can serve as a tool for positive change, helping us better understand our society’s imperfections while providing an avenue for reflection and improvement.